A bibliography is a list of documents which authors consulted for reference when writing a particular book or article. These references are very handy tools because, by reading the bibliography, you can learn the background of the book or paper as well as find other books and papers on the same subject. But if you don’t know how to interpret lists of bibliographies, you cannot obtain the resources you may need. This guide summarizes a few basic points about reading and understanding bibliographies.
There are several citation styles. Following explanations are how to write bibliographies based on SIST(Standards for Information of Science and Technology)(in Japanese only) . The basic style contains the minimum amount of information needed to locate the original work. Understanding this style will help you when writing bibliographies for your own reports and papers. When writing a bibliography, be sure to use a clear notation method as given by your instructor. (The elements with * are optional.)
Author. Article title. Journal title. Date of publication, Volume number, Issue number, Page number(s).
| Example of a citation in Japanese for a Japanese journal: 永田治樹. ライブラリーコンソーシアムの歴史と現状. 情報の科学と技術. 1997, vol.47, no.11, p.566-573. |
| Example of a citation in English for an English-language journal: Kobayashi A.; Ohara-Takada A.; Tsuda S.; et al. Breeding of potato variety “Inca-no-hitomi” with a very high carotenoid content. Breeding Science. 2008, vol.58, no.1, p.77-82. |
Author. Article title. Journal title. Date of publication, Volume number, Issue number, Page number(s). (Media indication)*, Resource identifier, (Date referred).
| Example of a citation in Japanese for an online Japanese journal: 永瀬 節治. 近代的並木街路としての明治神宮表参道の成立経緯について. ランドスケープ研究（オンライン論文集）. 2009, vol.2, 46-53 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jilaonline/2/0/2_0_46/_pdf/-char/en, (参照2020-10-6). |
| Example of a citation in English for an online English journal: Stephanie H. Chanteau and James M. Tour. Synthesis of Anthropomorphic Molecules: The NanoPutians. Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2003, vol.68, no.23, p. 8750-8766. doi:10.1021/jo0349227, (cited 2020-10-6). |
*DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is a permanent ID name assigned to content objects on the internet. You can search for a specific content object by adding the DOI name after http://dx.doi.org/ in a Web browser.
Author. Book title. Edition, Place of publication*, Publisher, Date of publication, Total number of pages, (Series name, Series number)*, (ISBN)*.
・ “Edition” will be described in the case of the second edition or later.
| Example of a citation in Japanese for a Japanese book: 波平恵美子. 文化人類学. 東京, 医学書院, 1993, 241p. |
| Example of a citation in English for an English book: Peter Dickens. Social Darwinism. Open University Press, 2000, 135 p., ISBN 0335202195. |
Author. “Article title.” Book title. Editor. Place of publication*, Publisher, Date of publication, Page number(s).
| Example of a citation in Japanese for a Japanese book: 西平直. "概念と方法." 岩波講座哲学１３. 飯田隆〔ほか〕. 岩波書店, 2008, p.233-252. |
| Example of a citation in English for an English book: Robert A. Scalapino. “China - between tradition and modernity.” The study of modern China. Eberhard Sandschneider(ed.). Hurst, 1999, p.1-15. |
Author. “Web page title.” Web site name. Revision date*. Resource identifier, (Date).
| Example: 厚生労働省. "『生涯キャリア支援と企業のあり方に関する研究会報告書』について." 厚生労働省 http://www.mhlw.go.jp/houdou/2007/07/h0720-6.html, 2020年10月6日参照 |
Author. Article title. Newspaper name. Date of publication. Morning / Evening edition. Edition number, Page number or sheet
| Example: Save Japan’s Foremost Rustic Village. Asahi Shimbun. November 26, 2009. Morning edition. Toyama Pref. edition, Regional insert 2 (p.34). |
Bibliographies use various abbreviations and shortened forms of journal names to simplify entries. The table below gives some frequently used abbreviations.
| Abbreviation | Full form | Meaning |
| ibid. | ibidem |
in the same journal, in the same book |
| id. | idem | the same |
| op. cit. | opere citato | in the work cited |
| et al. | et alii | and others |
| J. | journal | journal |
| Z. | Zeitschrift | journal |
The table below shows the shortened form of a journal title.
| Abbreviated title | Full title |
| Chem. abstr. | Chemical abstracts |
In WINE searches, you can search many journals by their abbreviated titles.
